wallwork



(N0 Mpdel.) 3SheetsSheetl.

R. WALLWORK & A. 0. WELLS.

PNEUMATIC PAINTING APPARATUS.

No. 577,497. Patented Feb. 23,' 1897.

(No M odeL) A 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 R. WALL-WORK 81; A. O. WELLS.

PNEUMATIG PAINTING APPARATUS.

Patented Feb. 23, 1897.

mt: mums (No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 3 R. WALLWORK & A. 0 WELLS.

PNEUMATIC PAINTING APPARATUS.

Patented Feb. 23, 1897.

R A "Alli/91771111175110w m A H u u m M m m n u A U U u H m n m m m fi SQ 0 W J .1 NN \N mm W A A R H MMJNN EMK v W r AN 7 QmN w R f F 12 e. aZJWZfiZ, Jr? with 71 33144 UNITED TATEs ATENT OFFICE.

ROUGI-I SEDGE WVALLWORK AND ARTHUR GOLLINGS l/VELLS, OF

' M ANCHESTER,- ENGLAND.

PNEUMATIC PAINTING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 577,497, dated February 23, 1897.

Application filed March 25, 1896. Serial No. 584,861. (No model.) Patented in England May 30, 1895, No. 10,763.

To all whom, it nwty concern:

Be it known that we, Roncnsnnen WALL- WORK and ARTHUR 'COLLINGS WnLLs, subjects of the Queen of' England, residing at Manchester, in the county of Lancaster, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pneumatic Painting Apparatus, (for which Letters Patent have been obtained in England, dated May 30, 1895, No. 10,7 (33;) and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference" being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Our invention has relation to apparatus for applying paint and other more or less fluid or viscous substances mechanically to walls and other surfaces; and it has for its object the provision of means whereby paints of different colors may be separately applied or whereby two or more colors may be automatically combined to produce a desired tint.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows in elevation our improved apparatus. Figs. 2 and 3 are vertical sections thereof, taken at right angles to each other, the aircompressing appliances being omitted and showing the paint-receptacles contained in a chamber for compressed air, to which the spraying device is connected and which serves as a handle for the apparatus. Fig. 4 is a cross-section of the same, and Fig. 5 a section taken on the line a: as of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a rear elevation, and Fig. 7 a sectional elevation on line a; not Fig. 6, illustrating another form of the apparatus in which separate paint-receptacles are connected to a sprayinghead, the pipe that supplies air under pressure to said receptacles serving here as a han,

die for the apparatus.

Similar symbols of reference are employed to indicate like parts wherever such may occur in the figures of drawings just described.

Our improved apparatus comprises,broad ly, a spraying device, a plurality of receptacles for paint, and means for supplying paint from one or more or all of the receptacles to the spraying device. A

It comprises, further, a source of supply of air under pressure both to the paint-receptacles and to the spraying device, whereby such paint is forced to said spraying device and sprayed by the pressure of the air.

It comprises also structural features and combinations of cooperative elements and parts, as will now be fully described.

For the sake of simplicity and compactness and as shown in Fig. l the storage-chamber for compressed air forms a part of the aircompressor, namely, its standard S, which for the purpose is of course made hollow and has at its upper end a bearing for the drivingshaft S of said con'iprcssor, which shaft, according as the compressor and the storagechamber are station ary or portable, is adapted to be revolved by hand, as by a crank 11, or

from any suitable prime motor, the shaft S carrying for the purpose afast andloose beltpulley P P at one end and a fly-wheel V at the other end, suitable belt-shifting devices B being provided. To the wrist-pin of the fly-wheel WV is journaled one end of the piston-rod R of the compressor-piston.

The compressor-cylinder C is mounted on the base of the standard S, with which it communicates through a suitable passage, a check-valve being, as usual, interposed in said passage to prevent air from the latter from flowing back to the cylinder.

The compressor-piston is of that well-known construction which admits of air flowing freely therethrough on the upstroke, but prevents it from 'tlowin g therethrough on the downstroke, whereby the air contained in the cylinder is forced into the standard S.

Inasmuch as the details of construction of the compressor form no part of this invention, and inasmuch as these may be or are of any well-known construction, we have deemed it unnecessary to illustrate the same, especially as such an omission can in no way afiect such a thorough understanding of our said invention as will enable others to make and use the same.

In Figs. 1 to 5 we have shown a cylindrical holder adapted to serve the purposes of a handle for the spraying device and to contain a plurality of receptacles for paint, means being provided to supply the spraying device N with paint from any one or more of said receptacles, the holder H being connected by pipe or hose p with the outlet branch b of the storage-chamber or standard S, a blowoif valve 0 and a pressure-gage g being also provided on said standard for obvious purposes, together with a stop-cock c for controlling the supply of compressed air to the pipe or hose 1).

In order that the spraying device may be used at any desired or reasonable distance from the compressor, and for the purpose of readily handling the said device, we use flexible pipe or hose for conveying the compressed air to the holder H and to the spraying device thereon.

Referring now to Figs. 2 to 5, we have shown the holder H of cylindrical form, provided at oneend with an air-inlet branch h, adapted to be coupled to the air-pipe 1.), Fig. 1, and, with the interior ledges or brackets h, serving to support a plurality of receptacles for paint, of which we have shown three, (indicated at 0"1' 'r of such dimensions relatively to the holder 11 that when in position therein there will be suflicient space left between tli ftn and the holder for the free circulation of the compressed air around and into them through their upper ends.

In order to prevent paint from spilling out of the receptacles r r 1' when the holder H is held at an angle to a vertical, their upper ends are closed and provided with air-opening 'r sufliciently large to permit access of the air under pressure to said receptacles, such air-pressure preventing the outflow of paint through said opening 'IX during the operation of the apparatus, even if the receptacle is nearly full of paint, in view of the fact that the pressure exerted upon the surface of the paint continuously forces the latter to the spraying device, so that the surface of the paint continuously recedes from the opening 'r and in order that the paint-1e ceptacles may be held in proper posit-ion we provide them with spacing-lugs r at as many points as may be necessary, and, if desired, some of the lugs may be secured to the holder II.

To the outer end of the holder 11 is detachably secured the spraying device or nozzle N, for which purpose the outer end of such holder is preferably screw-threaded exteriorly and the nozzle provided with an interiorly-screw-threaded socket or recess, as shown in Figs. 2 and Thenozzle N consists of a casting it, provided witlr passages l 2 3 for paint, one for each paint-receptacle 'r' r r", and into said passages are screwed deliverytubcs t t i that extend into their respective paint-receptacles r r W, so that their lower open ends will lie close to the bottom of said receptacles, as shown. The casting a has a transverse bore that intersects the painteduction ducts or passages 1, 2, and 3, said bore being preferably made tapering and forming the seat for three valve-plugs 4:, 5,

and 6, having passages adapted to register with said paint-passages 1, 2, and 3. As shown in Fig. 3, the valve-plugs are provided with spacing-lugs 7), whereby said plugs are held in their proper position relatively to the paint-eduction ducts 1, 2, and 3, and the outer open end of the seat for said plugs is screw-threaded interiorly for the reception of a screw-plug 19, that bears against the valve-plu g 4 or against an abutment or spacin g-lug thereon and whereby said valve-plugs are held against endwise motion. Each of said valve-plugs is free to turn in the bore or seat of cast-ing it, provided therefor, and has a radial arm or lever L secured thereto that extends through a slot in the casting 'n, and holds the valve in a normally-closed position by means of a spring 3, Figs. 2 and 5. Toward the nozzle or outlet side of the valves the paint-passages 1, 2, and 3 merge into a common cross-passage 7, and the latter communicates with a passage 1 for paint that leads to the paint-nozzle N. The cross-passage 7 at one end leads to the outside of the casting and is normally closed by a screw-plugp so that ready access is had to such passages for cleaning purposes. The casting a is further provided with an air-passage 8, thatopens into the holder 11 and into the air-nozzle N said casting being provided with screwthreaded bosses, to which the said nozzles N N are screwed, the air-nozzle N inclosing the paint-nozzle N, as shown.

Any other desired or suitable construction of spraying devices may, however, be used, so long as the arrangement is such that said devices will operate on the principle of the steam-boiler injector, which arrangement we prefer, because the apparatus can then be operated under a comparatively low air-pressure, the operation of the injector, or, more properly, the ejector, nozzle assisting in drawing the paint from the receptacles by reason of the partial vacuum produced in the nozzle, as is well understood.

A hook I1 is formed on the casting n of the spraying device, which not only serves as a means for hooking the holder up when not in use and thus allowing any paint in the passages to flow back to the receptacles, but it also serves the purpose of a handhold in manipulating the holder with both hands.

The operation of the apparatus may be briefly described as follows, it being assumed that air under pressure is stored up in standard S, that the paint-receptacles r r r are supplied with paint, and that the stop-cock 01' valve 0 on the outlet branch of the standard has been opened: The operator, according to the color of paint he desires to apply, depresses with one of his fingers the lever L on the valve-plug that controls the delivery of paint from that particular receptacle. The air-pressure exerted on the surface. of the paint forces the latter through the paint-delivery tube for said receptacle into the paintnozzle N, air under pressure being at the holder H.

same time supplied to the air-nozzle N from The paint flowing out of nozzle N will be forced out of the air-nozzle by the airpressure and thoroughly sprayed or atomized.

If the operator desires to form a mixture of two or more colors in order to obtain a given tint, he opens the valves that control the delivery of the paint from the respective paintreceptacles, and by regulating the flow of paint of different colors he can obtain the desired depth of tint. In a like manner he can blend two or more colors or he can graduate the tints as he may desire, so that artistic work can be mechanically performed at a comparatively rapid rate without great exertion, labor, or care on the partof the operator.

Inasmuch as the holder H, the paint-receptacle, and the spraying device are composed of elements that are easily dismembered, the cleasing of these elements is easily and rapidly accomplished.

In view of the fact that the valve-plu gs automatically close their respective paint-passages under the stress of the springs s acting on the plug-levers L as soon as the latter are released by the operator, the unintentional delivery of paint by reason of an oversight on the part of the operator to manipulate the valve-plugs so that they will cut off the supply of paint to the spraying device is absolutely avoided.

We have described an apparatus in which the several paint-receptacles are contained in a holderadapted to be connected with a source of supply of air under pressure, and as said holder also serves as a means for manipulating the apparatus, its dimensions, and consequently the dimensions of the paint-receptacles 1, 2, and 3, are necessarily limited, in order to admit of the holder being conveniently held by the operator. NVe do, however,'not desire to limit ourselves to this particular construction, as we can, without inconvenience in handlin g the apparatus, use paint-receptacles of much greater capacity than could be used in a construction of apparatus such as above described by connecting the several receptacles separately and directly to the sprayingnozzle and making use of the air-supply pipe as a handle for manipulating the apparatus. Such a construction we have shown in Figs. 6 and '7, in which the casting a of the spraying device or nozzle is provided with as many interiorly-screw-threaded sockets or recesses as there are paint-receptacles whose upper open end is screw-threaded exteriorly for connection with the said casting a. In said Figs. 6 and 7 we have also shown three paint-receptacles r T and 11 the casting 17. having a like number of paint-eduction ducts, of which one, 2, for receptacle 0* is shown in Fig. 7, and into said ducts are screwed the paint-tubes that extend near to the bottom of their respective receptacles, one of said tubes, namely, the tube 25 for the receptacle W being also shown in Fig. 7.

The paint-eduction ducts are in comm u nito the paint-nozzle N by suitable passages, each controlled by a valve-spindle 19, 19*,and 19, respectively, controlling the supply of paint from vessels r r r to said paint-nozzles, said spindles working in suitable stutting-boxes 19, formed in the casting 'n. The spindles are operated by means of springcontrolled bell-crank levers 20, 20 and 20 whose vertical arms are forked or terminate in a fork 20, that works between circular flanges 17 17 at the outer end of said spindles. The arrangement is such that the springs 8, connected with the bell-crank levers, will normally hold the valve -spindlcs to their seats.

The casting n is provided with a branch N to which is screwed a pipe p adapted to be connected with the hose 19, leading from the standards, said pipe 12 serving as a handle for the apparatus. The branch N is in communication with a transverse passage a from which branch ducts or passages 42 lead to the several paint-receptacles r T and 9' whereby air under pressure is supplied to said receptacles and from them to the airnozzle N through a passage n leading from each receptacle to such air-nozzle. The paintpassages leading from the paint-receptacles are open to the atmosphere at their upper ends and are closed by means of a screw-plug p to which one end of the spring sis secured. The cross-passages for air and paint a and 18, respectively, are also through-passages, their ends being closed by suitable screw-plugs p and 19 respectively, Fig. 6, so that access can readily be had to all the passages whenever'this becomes necessary for removing obstructions.

It is obvious that by means of the construction described one or two of the paintreceptacles could be removed from the spraying device without thereby interfering with the use of the third receptacle. On the other hand, where apparatus of still greater capacity is required the paint-receptacles may be suitably connected together, so as to be carried upon the back of the operator, or

otherwise situated, the paint-eduction tubes being connected by hose with the spraying device, suitable means being rovided for supplying air under pressure to the receptacles and to the spraying device.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. An apparatus such as described, com prising a spraying device, a plurality of paintreceptacles, a holder common to all said receptacles, an air-supply pipe adapted to supply air under pressure to all the paintreceptacles and to the spraying device, and means for connecting any one or more or all the paint-receptacles with said spraying device, for the purpose set forth.

2. An apparatus such as described comprising a spraying device having separate air I cation with the passage 1 for paint, leading and paint ducts, a plurality of paint-receptacles, a paiut-passage in communication with the like duct in the spraying device and with all of said paint-receptacles, an air-supply pipe common to and supplying air under pressure to said paint-receptacles and to the airduct in said spraying device, and controlling appliances for controlling the flow of paint from any one or more or all of the paint-receptacles to the aforementioned paint-passage, for the purpose set forth.

3. An apparatus such as described, comprising a spraying device having separate air and paint ducts, a plurality of paint-receptacles, a paint-passage in communication with the like duct in the spraying device and with all the paint receptacles near the bottom thereof, an air-supply pipe common to and supplying air under pressure to all the paintreceptacles above the level of the paint therein and to the air-duct in the spraying device, and controlling appliances for controlling the flow of paint from any one or more or all the paint-receptacles to the aforementioned paint-passage, for the purpose set forth.

4. An apparatus such as described comprising a spraying device, means for supplying air under pressure thereto, a holder connected with said spraying device, a plurality of paint-receptacles contained in said holder and means for forcingpaint from one or more of the receptacles to the spraying device to be sprayed by the air under pressure supplied to said device, for the purpose set forth.

5. An apparatus such as described, comprising a spraying device provided with two passages, one for air and one for paint, a holder adapted to contain air under pressure in communication with the aforesaid passage for air in the spraying device, a plurality of open paint-receptacles in the holder, a paint eduction duct for each of said receptacles in communication with the passage for paint in the spraying device, and means for controlling the flow of paint through anyone or more of said ducts to the aforesaid passage for paint, for the purpose set forth.

6. An apparatus such as described, comprising a spraying device provided with two passages one for air and one for paint, a holder for said spraying device in communi cation with the passage for air therein, a plurality of open paint-receptacles in said holder, a paint-eduction duct for each of said receptacles in communication with the passage for paint in the spraying device, means for controlling the flow of paint from any one or more of the eduction-duets to said passage for. paint in the spraying device, and means for supplying air under pressure to the aforesaid holder, for the purpose set forth.

7. An apparatus such as described, comprising a spraying-nozzle constructed to operate like an injector and provided with two concentrically-arranged nozzles one for paint and one for air, and suitable passages leading thereto, a holder connected with the spraying W .AW-mm-Wm device, in communication with its passage for air, a plurality of open paint-receptacles in said holder, a paint-eduction duct for each of said receptacles in communication with the passage for paint in the spraying device, means for controlling the flow of paint from anyone or more of said ducts to said passage for paint, and means for supplying air under pressure to the holder, for the purpose set forth.

8. An apparatus such as described, comprising a spraying device provided with two passages one for paint and one for air, a holder connected with said device and in communication with its air-passage, a plurality of open paint-receptacles in said holder, a paint-eduction duct for each of said vessels merging into a common duct leading to the passage for paint in the spraying device, a separate valve for each of the paint-eduction ducts, and means for supplying air under pressure to the holder, for the purpose set forth.

9. A11 apparatus such as described, comprising a spraying device provided with two passages one for paint and one for air, a holder detachably connected with said spraying device and in communication with its passage for air, a plurality of removable open paintreceptacles in said holder, and a paint-eduction duct for each of said receptacles merging into a common duct leading to the pass sage for paint in the spraying device, in combination with an independently-operating valve for each of the ed notion-ducts, and means for supplying air under pressure to the holder, for the purpose set forth.

10. An apparatus such as described, comprising a spraying device provided with two passages one forpaint and one for air, aholder connected with said device and communicatin g with its passage for air, aplurality of open paint-receptacles in said holder, apaint-eduction duct for each of said vessels in communication with the passage for paint in the spraying device, and means for controlling the flow of paint from any one or more of said ducts to the aforesaid passage for paint, in combination with a source of compressed-air supply and a flexible pipe or hose connecting the aforesaid holder with said source of compressed-air supply, for the purpose set forth.

11. An apparatus such as described comprising a holder, a plurality of open paint-receptacles therein and means for supplying air under pressure to said holder, in combination with a spraying device connected with the holder and provided with two passages, one for paint and one for air, with a transverse passage 7 in communication with said passage for paint, and with paint-eduction duets, one for each paint-receptacle leading to said transverse passage and extending near to the bottom of their respective paint-receptacles, a valve for each of said eduction-ducts, and a valve-seat in the spraying device common to all the valves and intersecting'the aforesaid paint-eduction ducts, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

12. The combination with the spraying device provided with the passages 8, 1 and 7, and the passages 1, 2 and 3, leading to said passage 7, and with a tapering valve-seat intersecting the passages 1, 2 and 3, the openended tubes i, t i connected thereto, the independent-spaced valve-plugs 4, 5 and 6, each provided with an operating-lever, the screwplug 10 screwed into the open end of the valveseat and adapted to hold the valve-plugs against endwise motion, of the holder 11, the open paint-receptacles r r r into which pipes t t t respectively extend, and means for supplying air under pressure to said holder, for the purpose set forth.

13. The combination with the spraying device provided with the passages 8, 1 and 7, and the passages 1, 2 and 3, leading to said passage 7, and with a tapering valve-seat intersecting the passages 1, 2 and 3, the openended tubes t t 25 connected thereto, the independent-spaced valve-plugs 4, 5 and 6, each provided with a spring-controlled operatinglever, the springs operating to hold the valves normally closed, the screw-plug 1o screwed into the open end of the valve-seat and adapted to hold the valve-plugs against endwise motion; of the holder H, the open paint-receptacles r, r r into which pipes t t t respectively extend, and means for supplying air under pressure to said holder, for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that we claim the foregoing as our invention we have signed our names in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ROUGHSEDGE WALLWORK. ARTHUR OOLLINGS WELLS.

Witnesses as to the signature of Roughsedge Wallwork:

HERBERT RoTHwELL, FRANK PARKINSON.

Witnesses as to the signature of Arthur Oollings Wells:

ARTHUR O. HALL,v JOHN W. THOMAS. 

